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Health literacy of the residents of home for eldery
PLCHOVÁ, Aneta
The diploma thesis deals with the health literacy of the residents living in the homes for the elderly. The aim was to find out what is the seniors' level of health literacy, whether they are interested in raising it and whether they are able to participate in the care of their person and make decision about their health. The second objective of the thesis was to describe the role of the nurse in providing health literacy to the clients of the home for the elderly. In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, we were dealing first with the concept of old age and aging for a comprehensive overview, and we summarized the concepts of health and illness in old age and issues of geriatric nursing and nursing care in homes for the elderly. We analyzed in detail individual areas of health literacy, the acquired knowledge was applied in the research section. The objectives were achieved through a qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews. The set for research was chosen on purpose. In the set, there were clients of retirement homes and nurses that works in these homes. The research part focused on the identification of seniors' health literacy took place in two stages, a cognitive function test was first performed with the selected seniors, and it was then followed by an in-depth interview with cognitively intact seniors. The data were processed using text coloring. In the research focused on seniors, there were created 4 categories with 9 subcategories and in the nurse's research, there were 3 categories with 7 subcategories. The research shows that the level of health literacy of the elderly population differs depending on the specific area of health literacy, but it can be summed up that the seniors generally have insufficient health literacy due to the abandonment of initiative and responsibility in the care of their person and decision-making about their health status to the medical staff. In order to increase their health literacy, education is needed especially in the effect of lifestyle on health, the preventive behaviour, the causes and the possible complications of the diseases and the side effects of the used drugs. In the second part of the research we found that the role of a nurse in the home for the elderly is not only irreplaceable in increasing the health literacy of seniors, but very time and psychologically demanding, therefore, it always does not reach the qualities that the nurses themselves would like.
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